2017年春季海洋天气评述
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王慧(1979—),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事海洋气象的预报和研究工作,wangh1@cma.gov.cn。

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国家气象中心预报员专项;公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206001)


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Spring 2017 marine weather review
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    摘要:

    2017年春季(3—5月)大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈单极型分布,主体位于北冰洋上空,中高纬西风带呈5波型分布。3月,地面冷高压偏强,冷空气活动频繁。4月,环流由纬向型向经向型逐渐调整,冷空气势力减弱。5月,东北气旋明显加强,冷暖势力相当,入海气旋增多。春季,我国近海海域主要有16次8级以上大风过程,其中冷空气大风过程有7次,冷空气和温带气旋共同影响的大风过程有1次,入海温带气旋过程有4次,东北冷涡影响大风过程有3次,强对流导致雷暴大风过程1次;且有8次明显的浪高在2 m以上的大浪过程。春季共有6次比较明显的海雾过程,分别为3月1次、4月2次、5月3次。西北太平洋和南海共生成1个台风“梅花”和1个热带低压,其他各大洋共有热带气旋15个,分别为大西洋1个、东太平洋1个、南太平洋5个、南印度洋6个、北印度洋2个。

    Abstract:

    The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in the spring (from March to May) of 2017 are as follows. There was one vortex center in the North Hemisphere, which located at the Arctic Ocean. The westerlies of middle high latitudes had five waves. The surface cold high pressure was stronger than normal year, so cold air activities were more frequent in March. In April, the general atmospheric circulation was adjusting from latitudinal pattern to meridional pattern. Cold air was weaker. Northeast cyclone was obviously strengthened; the intensity of cold air strength was same with the warm air, so the numbers of cyclones which moved into the sea increased in May. In spring, there were sixteen gale processes in inshore. There were seven wind processes were produced by cold air and one gale process was produced by cold air and extratropical cyclone and four gale processes were produced by cyclones which moved into the sea and three gale wind processes produced by northeast cold vortex and one thunderstorm gale process produced by severe convective storm. There were eight rough sea wave processes above two meters and six sea fog processes in spring. one process occurred in March, two processes occurred in April and three processes occurred in May. There were one typhoon Muifa and one tropical depression (TD) over western north Pacific and south China Sea. In addition, there were fifteen tropical cyclones (TC) including one TC was over the Atlantic Ocean and one TC was over East Pacific and five TCs were over South Pacific, six TCs were over South Indian Ocean and two TCs were over North Indian Ocean.

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王慧,杨正龙,许映龙,钱传海,曹越男,吕爱民.2017年春季海洋天气评述[J].海洋气象学报,2017,37(3):73-84.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-04
  • 最后修改日期:2017-08-11
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-09-08
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