The influence of environmental field conditions on the propagation of thunderstorms is analyzed by comparing the environmental fields of a back-propagation thunderstorm and a thunderstorm without obvious propagation characteristics. The results are as follows. 1) Both of them are controlled by the northwest air flow behind the cold vortex at 500 hPa, the jet stream exists at the mid level, and the warm ridge results in higher temperature at the lower level. The convective weather occurs in the northwest of Shandong when the short-wave trough approaches later in the afternoon. 2) The environmental field conditions of the back-propagation thunderstorm involve abundant water vapor, obvious baroclinity, high temperature and humidity near the surface, θse frontal zone located in the middle troposphere and the invasion of dry air at the mid level and cold air at the lower level, and their combined action triggers the occurance of such thunderstorm. 3) The environmental field conditions of the thunderstorm without obvious propagation characteristics involve less water vapor, θse frontal zone located below 850 hPa, and the confluence of the dry cold air and the warm moist air in the lower troposphere, which is the production mechanism of such thunderstorm. 4) Thunderstorms tend to occur on the north side of the water vapor flux divergence center with larger gradient, and the key to generate new convection cells is the unstable stratification accompanied with the convergence center and greater relative humidity behind main echo regions. 5) If there is moist advection in the the thunderstorm area and water vapor convergence center with baroclinic features in the downstream direction of the thunderstorm, it is favorable for initiating thunderstorms, not vice versa.