| 吴胜安1,2，邢彩盈1,2，朱晶晶1,2.南海区域对流活动的气候特征及其与ENSO的关系[J].海洋气象学报,2019,39(4):75-82 |
| 南海区域对流活动的气候特征及其与ENSO的关系 |
| Climate characteristics of convective activity over the South China Sea and their relation with ENSO |
| 投稿时间：2019-08-28 修订日期：2019-11-18 |
| DOI：10.19513/j.cnki.issn2096-3599.2019.04.009 |
| 中文关键词: 南海区域 对流活动 变化特征 联合经验正交函数 |
| 英文关键词: the South China Sea convective activity variation characteristics joint empirical orthogonal function |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41765005，41765007）；海南省自然科学基金项目（417298） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用1979—2013年NCEP再分析向外长波辐射、降水率和ENSO指数资料，运用联合经验正交函数等诊断方法，分析了南海区域各季对流活动年内、年际尺度变化特征和年际变化与同期ENSO指数的关系。结果表明：南海南部对流活动各月之间少变，南海中北部区域对流被抑制期和活跃期均较为持久，对流活跃区5月中旬中期跳跃北扩，9月后由北向南缓慢撤退；南海区域秋、冬和春季变化表现出良好的全区一致性，冬季对流活动较好地保留了上年秋季的异常状态，并进一步稳定地持续到春季；秋、冬和春季活动的年际变化很可能受ENSO调制，厄尔尼诺状态下，南海对流活动受抑制，拉尼娜状态下相反；夏季对流活动表现出南北反向型和全区一致型的两类重要年际变化形态，前者可能受ENSO的调制，厄尔尼诺抑制南端对流而使北端对流更活跃，后者有明显的线性趋势，气候变暖使夏季南海上空对流更活跃；春季对流的异常状态很难持续到夏季。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The annual and interannual characteristics of convective activities over the South China Sea (SCS) in each season and the relations between interannual variations and simultaneous ENSO index are analyzed by joint empirical orthogonal function (JEOF) using the 35 a (1979-2013) monthly averaged NOAA Interpolated Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), precipitation rate data of CMAP (CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation), and ENSO index data. The results are as follows. 1) Convective activities present less change over the south of SCS between months. Over the middle and north of SCS, a persistent stage of suppressing convection is countered with another lasting active stage during a year, and the area of active convection shows abrupt bounce from south to north in mid-May and gradual retreat from north to south after September. 2) The interannual change of OLR or precipitation rate shows good consistency over the whole SCS area in autumn, winter, and spring. Convective activities in winter keep some abnormal information of those in last autumn and it lasts well until spring. 3) The interannual variations of convective activities over the SCS in autumn, winter, and spring are probably influenced by ENSO. The convective activities are restrained in El Niño status while more active in La Niña status. 4) In summer, the interannual variations of convective activities show two mainly spatial distributions, the inversion between the south and the north of SCS and the consistency over the whole SCS area. The former is probably influenced by ENSO with El Niño suppressing convection over the south and activating convection over the north; the latter has significant linear trend and climate warming makes the convection over SCS more active in summer. 5) There is abrupt change in convective activity’s abnormal status from spring to summer. |
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