Although the global mean surface temperature continues to rise, significant cooling trends at the interannual-decadal scale often occur over Eurasia in winter. Based on the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) reanalysis data, it is suggested that the main atmospheric circulations affecting the cooling in the mid latitude of Eurasia in winter are the combination of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Ural blocking (UB) circulations. Among them, the NAO circulation can be used as a background circulation to influence the contribution of UB process to Eurasian cold anomaly at the interannual scale. Statistical analysis shows that the frequency of UB occurring simultaneously with a positive-phase (negative-phase) NAO (NAO⁺/NAO^-) explains 52% (13%) of its average frequency in winter, which indicates that the NAO⁺ circulation favors the downstream blocking occurrence. Nevertheless, the UB events related to a NAO^- can cause a stronger Eurasian cold anomaly on average, which is about twice as strong as that of the UB events related to a NAO⁺, and the position of Asian cold anomaly is shifted by approximately 5° north and 13.5° east. It is also found that the UB event causes a significant cooling in Eurasia under the background of moderate NAO⁺ circulation, and the cold anomaly generated by UB process in the mid latitude of Eurasia is relatively weak under the background of strong NAO⁺ circulation, which is related to the obvious warming generated by NAO⁺ circulation in the northern Eurasia. Under the background of NAO^- circulation, there is an obvious cooling in the northern Eurasia before the UB, and the occurrence of UB circulation can transport cold air southward to affect China. It mainly reflects the effect of NAO^- circulation on Eurasian cold anomaly, so the stronger the NAO^- circulation, the stronger the cooling.