线状中尺度对流系统的多普勒雷达统计特征分析
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王俊(1966—),男,研究员级高级工程师,主要从事云降水物理研究,wangjun818@sohu.com。

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国家自然科学基金项目(41275044)


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Study on Doppler radar features of linear mesoscale convective systems
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    摘要:

    利用济南CINRAD/SA新一代多普勒天气雷达资料,统计分析了2004—2015年约15万km2区域内发生的148个线状中尺度对流系统(linear mesoscale convective systems,简称LMCSs)的多普勒雷达回波特征。主要分析了LMCSs的年和月分布、典型尺度、典型回波强度的统计特征以及初始回波出现时间、位置、LMCSs持续时间、演变过程回波合并特征、移动速度和方向、发展后期回波演变特征、组织类型等。LMCSs存在明显的年际变化,不同年份之间有很大的差别,而每年的6月和7月是LMCSs的高发期;80%的LMCSs是大于50 km的中-β尺度,20%属于中-α尺度,成熟期97.3% LMCSs的最大回波强度在55~70 dBz间;10—22时之间易开始形成LMCSs,14—16时是峰值,凌晨不易形成LMCSs,而LMCSs持续时间在2~18 h之间,6~8 h是峰值;一半的LMCSs在演变过程出现回波合并,合并过程可以分为与孤立对流单体合并、与对流回波群合并和与对流回波带合并三类;地形对LMCSs的触发有重要影响,太行山脉、鲁中山区的北麓和西麓容易触发形成LMCSs。这些研究为认识LMCSs发生、演变、减弱各阶段的特征,进一步提高对LMCSs的实时监测、短时预警水平提供了基础。

    Abstract:

    Using data of a new generation Doppler weather radar located at Qihe, the features of 148 linear mesoscale convective systems (LMCSs), which occurred within area about 150 thousand square kilometers from 2004 to 2012, are statistically analyzed including inter-annual and inter-monthly distributions, typical scales and typical echo intensities; The presentation time and position of initial echoes, duration, echo merge features, move speeds and directions, evolution characteristics and types of organizations at later stage of LMCSs are also studied. LMCSs has obvious inter-annual characteristic, while the peak period within a year is from June to July. 80% LMCSs are meso-β systems with diameters greater than 50 km, and 20% LMCSs belong to meso-α system. For 97.3% of the LMCSs, the maximum echo during their mature stage are between 55 and 70 dBz. LMCSs tend to formation between 10:00-22:00 with maximum frequency between 14:00-16:00, while it is barely developed during wee hours. The durations of LMCSs are between 2 and 18 hours, and most between 6 and 8 hours. Half LMCSs experience echo merges, which are grouped into 3 categories including with Isolated Convection, with Convective echo group, and with convective echo belt. Underlying topography may has great influence on initials of LMCSs. The topography around Tai-hang Mountains, north and west parts of Mountain Tai is favorable for LMCSs triggering. This study could be helpful for understanding the features of LMCSs in different stages. In addition, it could be helpful to improve the real-time monitoring and short-term warning for the LMCSs.

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王俊.线状中尺度对流系统的多普勒雷达统计特征分析[J].海洋气象学报,2017,37(4):25-33.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-18
  • 最后修改日期:2017-10-10
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-12-01
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