Based on the station precipitation data in Northeast China provided by the National Climate Center of China, the ERA-Interim land surface temperature reanalysis data provided by the ECMWF, the geopotential height and wind speed reanalysis data from the NCEP/NCAR, the possible relationship between early summer precipitation in Northeast China and spring land surface thermal anomaly over West Asia is investigated by using statistical methods including correlation, composite analysis and linear regression.Results indicate that early summer rainfall in Northeast China bears a close relationship with spring land surface temperature over West Asia(25—45°N, 30—70°E).The warming of land surface can induce abnormal anticyclonic circulation at the mid and upper levels of troposphere around the Lake of Baikal in the early summer, causing weakened cold vortex and decreased early summer precipitation in Northeast China, especially in the northeast part.The above results suggest that spring land surface thermal condition over West Asia can provide prediction of early summer precipitation over Northeast China in advance.