Based on hourly precipitation data from 123 national meteorological observation stations in Shandong from May to September from 2006 to 2015, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of short-term heavy rainfall are analyzed. The results are as follows. 1) The spatial and temporal distribution was uneven. It is found that short-term strong rainfall was more likely to appear in the south of Shandong. In 2013, it amounted to 564 stations and topped in July, mostly at dusk and dawn. The average was 207 stations. 2) The spatial and temporal distribution of extrema differed greatly. Single station of high value lied in the northwest and the south of Shandong and the east of the Shandong Peninsula. Seventeen stations had high value in 2009 mostly during the night. The annual extrema all appeared from 13:00 to 02:00 next day. There were 7 extrema in August. 3) There were more local and smal-scale short-term strong rainfall in May, June and September. And largescale short-term strong rainfall obviously increased from July to August.