In this paper, the spatial and temporal characteristics of tropical cyclones landfalling in China in the past 50 years are reviewed and summarized, and based on agricultural meteorological observation data and data from relevant departments, the spatial and temporal characteristics of the impacts of landfalling tropical cyclones on agriculture in China are discussed. In the past 50 years, the landfalling areas of tropical cyclones in China have shown a more concentrated trend with the annual average landfalling intensity and the number of strong typhoons increasing; the landfalling frequency in South China is decreasing while the change is not obvious in East China; the number of northward tropical cyclones is slightly increasing. Most of the tropical cyclone precipitation in the areas affected by tropical cyclones in China is decreasing with fluctuation, and the maximum average wind speed of tropical cyclones is decreasing in China. The impacts of tropical cyclone rainstorms and tropical cyclone gales on agriculture are mainly reflected as farmland flood disaster, “rain washing rice flowers”, water loss and soil erosion, decline of farmland quality, crop lodging, and mechanical damage, among which farmland flood disaster is the most serious. There are obvious spatial and temporal characteristics of the impacts of tropical cyclones on the agricultural production in China. In autumn, the main affected areas are South China and the southeast of Jiangnan, where late rice is the most seriously affected among staple crops. In midsummer, the affected areas are more extensive, the coastal areas in the south and east of South China, the east of Jiangnan, and the east of Jianghuai bear the most serious impact, and the most seriously affected crop is early rice, followed by late rice and one-season rice in the south of China; despite that tropical cyclones in midsummer bring about rainstorm, flood, and gale disasters, they reduce the occurrence of seasonal high temperature and drought in the south of China; in general, the advantages of northward tropical cyclones outweigh their disadvantages due to the accompanying abundant rainfall in midsummer. From the perspective of long-term mechanism of agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, it is an important aspect of future work to study the spatial and temporal distribution of the impacts of tropical cyclones on Chinese agriculture on the basis of big data, and actively develop related technologies for disaster avoidance agriculture.