After the landfall in Fujian Province on 14 July 2006, Severe Tropical Storm BILIS (2006) moved westward, producing heavy precipitation in many provinces, including Fujian, Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Guangxi. Its long duration on land, wide range of impact, and strong intensity of precipitation are extremely rare in history. The precipitation induced by BILIS mainly has three extreme value centers, corresponding to three stages of precipitation, respectively, among which the second stage is the most prominent. The rainstorm amplification occurs at the border of Hunan, Jiangxi, and Guangdong provinces, causing serious floods. To get a more comprehensive understanding of the process, the paper reviews the research on mechanism of the extreme precipitation induced by BILIS from the following 5 key aspects, including favorable large-scale situation, mesoscale system, topography, cloud microphysical process, and diagnostic analysis of dynamic factors. Finally, the differences in the mechanism between the extreme precipitation induced by BILIS and other extreme precipitation cases and possible further researches on BILIS are discussed.