济南双偏振多普勒天气雷达在线自动标定数据质量分析评估
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杨传凤,女,正高级工程师,主要从事新一代天气雷达技术保障工作,287999392@qq.com。

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山东省气象局科研项目(2019sdqxz01,2018sdqxm03,2018sdqxm08)


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Analysis and evaluation of quality of automatic online calibration data of dual-polarization Doppler weather radar in Jinan
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    摘要:

    阐述了CINRAD/SA-D双偏振多普勒天气雷达(简称“双偏振雷达”)标定技术,统计分析了济南双偏振雷达试运行以来在线自动标定数据和该时间段内的维护维修情况,从雷达几十个标定状态性能参数中,遴选对雷达探测数据质量影响最大的发射峰值功率Pt、相位噪声σφ、噪声系数NF、反射率标定系数SYSCAL、差分反射率因子ZDR、差分传播相移ΦDP等性能参数,分析评估在线自动标定数据质量。结果表明:1)峰值功率维持在679.68 kW,H(水平)和V(垂直)双通道的峰值功率长期运行吻合一致性较好。2)H和V双通道噪声系数均值分别维持在1.66 dB和1.73 dB,双通道数据总体分布稳定,且具有较好的一致性;标定数据的异常来源于外界干扰,占0.39%,受外界干扰H通道多于V通道,干扰造成接收机灵敏度降低了1.5 dB,导致雷达产品异常。3)反射率标定ΔSYSCAL最小值为-0.46 dB,最大值为0.25 dB,满足±2 dB的技术指标要求。4)I/Q相角法标定相位噪声均值为0.051 3°,实物对消能力60 dB与估测地物杂波抑制能力61.36 dB结果基本吻合,证实了雷达系统具有较好的地物杂波抑制能力。5)采用机内CW、TS双信号源标定法,接收双通道幅度和相位的标准差:ZDR-CW和ΦDP-CW分别为0.025 dB和0.735,ZDR-TS和ΦDP-TS分别为0.044 dB和1.116°,满足接收双通道一致性的技术指标,但CW信号标定结果明显小于TS信号标定结果,表明双路方位旋转关节对接收链路信号幅度和相位的一致性有影响,导致ZDR-TS和ΦDP-TS标定结果比ZDR-CW和ΦDP-CW出现更大的偏差,因此随着双偏振雷达的长期运行,对方位旋转关节带来的幅度和相位固有偏差进行测试和订正非常重要。

    Abstract:

    This paper describes the calibration technology of CINRAD/SA-D dual-polarization Doppler weather radar (dualpolarization radar for short) and statistically analyzes the automatic online calibration data and the maintenance and repair of Jinan dual-polarization radar since its operation. From dozens of performance parameters for radar calibration state, the parameters that have the greatest influence on the quality of radar detection data are selected to analyze and evaluate the quality of automatic online calibration data, including peak power Pt, phase noise σφ, noise figure NF, SYSCAL, differential reflectivity factor ZDR, differential propagation phase shift ΦDP. The results are as follows. 1) When the peak power maintains at 679.68 kW, the peak power of H channel (horizontal) and V channel (vertical) is consistent in long-term operation. 2) The average noise figure of H channel maintains at 1.66 dB and V channel at 1.73 dB, and the overall distribution of dual channel data is stable and has good consistency. The anomaly of the calibration data comes from external interference, accounting for 0.39%. The H channel bears more interference from the external environment than the V channel, which reduces the sensitivity of the receiver by 1.5 dB and makes the radar products abnormal. 3) The minimum value of ΔSYSCAL is -0.46 dB and the maximum is 0.25 dB, which meets the requirements of ±2 dB. 4) The mean value of phase noise calibrated by I/Q phase angle method is 0.051 3°, and the results of the actual object cancellation being 60 dB and the estimated ground clutter suppression ability being 61.36 dB are basically consistent, which proves the radar system has good ability of ground clutter suppression. 5) The CW and TS calibration methods of dual signal sources are used to receive the standard deviations of the amplitude and phase of the two channels, and ZDR-CW, ΦDP-CW, ZDR-TS, and ΦDP-TS are 0.025 dB, 0.735°, 0.044 dB, and 1.116°, respectively, which satisfies the technical indicators of receiving dual channel consistency. However, the calibration results of CW signal are significantly smaller than those of TS signal, which shows the dual channel azimuth rotary joint has an impact on the consistency of the amplitude and phase of the received link signal, resulting in the calibration results of ZDR-TS and ΦDP-TS worse than those of ZDR-CW and ΦDP-CW. Therefore, with the longterm operation of dual-polarization radar, it is very important to test and correct the inherent deviations of the amplitude and phase caused by the azimuth rotary joint.

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杨传凤,刁秀广,张骞,魏海文.济南双偏振多普勒天气雷达在线自动标定数据质量分析评估[J].海洋气象学报,2020,40(4):114-123.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-03
  • 最后修改日期:2020-04-09
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-23
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