两种陆面方案对陆雾与海雾模拟效果的对比研究
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姜昊宇,男,硕士研究生,主要从事陆雾底部消散机理及数值模拟的研究, 2427549863@qq.com。高山红,男,博士,教授,主要从事海洋灾害天气的演变机理研究及数值模拟预报技术的研发,gaosh@ouc.edu.cn。

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国家重点研发计划“海洋环境安全保障”重点专项(2017YFC1404200);国家自然科学基金项目(42075069);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF111066)


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Comparison of simulation effects between two land surface schemes on land fog and sea fog
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    摘要:

    利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,针对1次陆雾与1次同时包含近海雾区与开阔海域雾区的海雾个例,开展了2种陆面方案——SLAB(five-layer thermal diffusion scheme)方案与Noah(Noah land surface scheme)方案——的模拟效果对比研究。研究结果表明:1)SLAB方案与Noah方案在开阔海域雾区模拟中的表现基本一致,但只有前者成功再现了陆雾与近海雾区。2)对于陆雾,与SLAB方案相比,Noah方案在白天偏高的地表温度造成偏强的地面垂直热量通量,加之偏弱的垂直水汽通量共同使得地面相对湿度偏低20%,导致模拟失败。3)对于海雾,两种方案模拟的地表温度与地面垂直水汽通量之间的差异,直接导致了地面2 m气温与水汽混合比的差异,进而影响了渤海的地面低压天气系统的强弱与水汽平流的大小,从而使得它们对渤海近海雾区的模拟表现迥异。本次个例中,应用广泛且陆面过程完善的Noah方案对陆雾模拟的表现反而不如过程简单的SLAB方案,本文对此给出了初步的解释,但仍需进一步探究其原因。

    Abstract:

    Using the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model, a comparative study of simulation effects of two land surface schemes, namely SLAB (five-layer thermal diffusion scheme) and Noah (Noah land surface scheme), is conducted on one case of land fog and one case of sea fog including both offshore fog area and fog area in open seas. The results are as follows. 1) The performances of the SLAB scheme and Noah scheme in the simulation of fog in open seas are basically the same, but only the former successfully reproduces the land fog and offshore fog. 2) For land fog, compared with the SLAB scheme, the Noah scheme fails due to the surface relative humidity being 20% lower, which is jointly caused by the stronger surface vertical heat flux resulting from the higher simulated ground temperature during the daytime and the weaker vertical water vapor flux as well. 3) For sea fog, the difference between the ground temperature and the surface vertical water vapor flux simulated by the two schemes directly leads to the difference between the air temperature at 2 m and water vapor mixing ratio, which in turn affects the intensity of the surface low pressure system and water vapor advection in Bohai Sea. As a result, their simulation performances of the fog area near Bohai Sea are quite different. In this case, the Noah scheme, which is widely used and has a comprehensive land surface process, does not perform as well as the simple SLAB scheme for land fog simulation. This article gives a preliminary explanation, but the reasons need to be further explored.

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姜昊宇,高山红.两种陆面方案对陆雾与海雾模拟效果的对比研究[J].海洋气象学报,2021,41(1):30-44.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-13
  • 最后修改日期:2021-02-05
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-04-14
  • 出版日期: 2021-02-28
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