青岛沿海地区大风特征及其预警评估
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郭丽娜,女,硕士,工程师,主要从事气候预测和气象服务,yinlingr@126.com

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P425.4+7

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青岛市气象局海洋气象重点研发项目(2019qdqxz01);山东省气象局科学技术研究重点项目(2021sdqxz01);环渤海区域科技协同创新基金项目(QYXM202106)


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Characteristics of gale and assessment of gale warning in Qingdao coastal areas
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    摘要:

    利用2007—2019 年青岛8 个海岛站和 22 个岸基站的观测数据,结合欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代大气再分析资料以及2015—2019 年青岛市气象台发布的大风预警信息,统计分析了青岛沿海地区的大风特征,检验评估了大风预警发布的命中率并由此提出了实况预警参考站点的建议。分析结果表明,青岛沿海地区60. 3%的大风日出现在冬、春季,82. 9%的大风出现在海岛站,青岛环胶州湾地区全年不易受到大风的影响;造成青岛大风的环流型主要由冷高压型、低压槽型、温带气旋型和台风型组成,其中冷高压型是以冬季大风为主,低压槽型以春季大风为主,温带气旋型以春、夏季大风为主;2015—2019 年青岛海岛站大风平均预警准确率为81. 0%,沿海地区大风预警发布提前量平均为12. 1 h,解除预警滞后 20. 8 h;海岛站中的田横岛、长门岩、朝连岛、灵山岛以及岸基站中的胶州营海、红岛休闲渔村、罗家营、奥帆基地和大涧山可作为大风实况参考站点,用以开展青岛沿海地区大风预警服务。

    Abstract:

    Based on observations of 8 island stations and 22 shorebased stations from 2007 to 2019,thefifth generation ECMWF reanalysis data,and early warning information of gale issued by QingdaoMeteorological Observatory from 2015 to 2019,the characteristics of gale in Qingdao coastal areas areanalyzed and the accuracy of gale warning is assessed. Suggestions on reference sites for early warning arealso presented. The results are shown below. (1)In Qingdao coastal areas,60 3 percent of gale daysappear in winter and spring,82 9 percent occur at island stations,while there is rare influence of galearound Jiaozhou Bay. (2)The main circulation patterns associated with Qingdao gale are cold high, trough,extratropical cyclone,and typhoon;cold high,trough,and extratropical cyclone mainly induce winter gale,spring gale,and spring -summer gale,respectively. (3)From 2015 to 2019,the meanaccuracy of early warning is 81 0% at island stations,the mean lead time of announcing early warning is12 1 h in coastal areas,and the lag time of terminating early warning is 20 8 h. (4)There are 4 islandstations (Tianheng Island,Changmenyan Island,Chaolian Island,and Lingshan Island)and 5 shorebased stations (Yinghai Town of Jiaozhou,Hongdao Leisure Fishing Village,Luojiaying Community, Olympic Sailing Base,and Dajian Mountain)that can be listed as reference sites and used for earlywarning service of gale in Qingdao coastal areas.

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郭丽娜,马艳,于慧珍.青岛沿海地区大风特征及其预警评估[J].海洋气象学报,2022,42(2):90-98.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-06-01
  • 出版日期: 2022-05-31

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