Using the QWF-6000 Microwave radiometer data of Dachang County, Langfang City and the radiosonde data of Beijing from 2017 to 2020, the temperature and humidity in the vertical direction of 737 groups of effective samples at 08:00 and 20:00 are compared and tested. The results show that: (1) The temperature of the microwave radiometer The detection accuracy of the temperature is significantly higher than that of the humidity, the root mean square error of the whole layer temperature is within 5 °C, the root mean square error of the relative humidity is 20% to 30%, and the variation of the temperature error with height is smaller than that of the relative humidity, and the correlation coefficient between the two is smaller. are all positive values. (2) The errors of temperature and relative humidity at 08:00 and 20:00 below 1 km are significantly different. The errors at 08:00 are all less than 20:00. The temperature error above 1 km is stable at about 3 °C. The relative humidity profile first increases with height and then decrease. (3) The temperature error in summer and autumn is generally smaller than that in spring and winter, but the near-surface error in summer is significantly larger than that in other seasons, while the relative humidity error is more stable in winter. (4) The errors of temperature and relative humidity in the vertical direction at 08:00 and 20:00 are relatively close when there is no rain, and the error difference gradually increases with the increase of rainfall; compared with temperature, the detection of relative humidity by rainfall magnitude is stable Sex has a bigger impact.