青藏高原地区近十年夏季降水日变化特征分析
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河北省气象信息中心

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Characteristics of the Summer Precipitation Diurnal Variation of the Tibetan Plateau in the Past Ten Years
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Hebei Meteorological Information Center

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    摘要:

    利用中国气象局自动站与CMORPH降水数据融合资料和欧洲中期天气预报中心再分析资料,对青藏高原地区夏季降水的日变化规律进行分析,并讨论了高原地区夜雨的空间分布特征和不同持续时间降水的日变化差异,结果表明:(1)青藏高原地区整体降水量和降水频率的日变化表现为在18:00—20:00出现峰值,而在午间12:00处于全天降水量的谷值。(2)高原地区不同区域夏季降水量日峰值和谷值具有不同的空间分布特征。高原南部地区夏季降水量与高原整体降水量日变化特征大致相同,峰值出现在傍晚,谷值出现在中午;而北部的日变化特征与高原整体的日变化特征有较大差异,峰值出现在上午,谷值出现在凌晨。(3)青藏高原地区夜雨率存在较为明显的区域差异性,夜雨率高值中心出现在以29°N为中心,84°~93°E,28°~30°N间,存在明显的“中间高,南北低”的分布,高值中心夜雨率达到75%以上。(4)短时降水(约60%-80%)比持续性降水(约20%-40%)出现频率更高,但持续性降水占总降水量的70%。(5)青藏高原地区的降水日变化与风场和散度场的强度变化较为一致,且散度的正负值强弱变化可能是高原地区降水强度变化的重要原因之一。

    Abstract:

    The hourly-emerged precipitation product with the horizontal resolution of 0.1° over China which is derived from the hourly precipitation observed by automatic weather stations in China and CMORPH satellite data and the average wind field and divergence field with 6-hourly temporal resolution of Reanalysis Interim reanalysis data of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) are used in this paper to study the diurnal variation characteristics of summer precipitation in the Tibetan Plateau. The spatial distribution characteristics of the night rain in the plateau and the diurnal variation of precipitation in different durations are discussed. The results show that: (1) The diurnal variation of precipitation and precipitation frequency in the plateau are shown the peak from 18:00 to 20:00 and the valley at 12:00. (2)The spatial distribution characteristics of the daily peak and valley of summer precipitation in different regions of the plateau are different. The diurnal variation of the summer precipitation in the south of the plateau is about the same as the diurnal variation of the total precipitation in the plateau. The precipitation in the south of the plateau is shown the peak in the evening and the valley at noon. The diurnal variation in the north is different from the diurnal variation in the entire plateau. The precipitation in the north of the plateau is shown the peak in the morning and the valley at the early morning. (3)There are obvious regional differences for the night rain rate in the Tibetan Plateau. The high value center of night rain rate appears between 84 °~93 ° E and 28 °~30 ° N, with a clear distribution of "high in the middle and low in the north and south". The high value center of night rain rate is over 75%. (4)Short-term rainfalls (About 60%-80%) are more frequently than long-term rainfalls (About 20%-40%), but about 70% of the total precipitation comes from long-term rainfalls. (5)The diurnal variation of precipitation in the Tibetan Plateau is consistent with the variation of wind and divergence fields. The change of divergence may be one of the important reasons for the changes of precipitation in the Tibetan Plateau.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-03
  • 最后修改日期:2023-09-22
  • 录用日期:2024-03-06
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