With the background of climate change, studying the ecological quality of vegetation and its response to climate change could provide reference data for the construction of ecological civilization. Based on multi-source remote sensing data and meteorological observation data, using the dynamic monitoring and evaluation model for spatio-temporal change of comprehensive ecological quality of vegetation, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of vegetation ecological quality and its response to climate change in Dezhou from 2000 to 2022 has been studied. The results show that the ecological quality of vegetation in Dezhou has improved significantly since 2000. EQI, NPP, FVC, increase by 7.3, 101.6 g C·m-2, and 6.8% every ten years, respectively. The spatial difference of vegetation ecological quality was not significant. Temperature and precipitation were the main climatic driving factors to improve the ecological quality of vegetation, and the driving effect of precipitation was greater than that of temperature. Appropriate water and thermal conditions such as temperature and precipitation, were conducive to vegetation growth and development, and could promote the improvement of vegetation ecological quality. Extreme climate events such as drought, high temperature and cold wave, especially the superposition of multiple extreme climate events, would lead to the decline of vegetation ecological quality.