近60年来华北地区夏季降水与亚洲-太平洋涛动的联系
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成都信息工程大学大气科学学院

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P461

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国家自然科学(42075019);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK010203)


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Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of summer precipitation in North China in recent 60 years and its relationship with Asian-Pacific Oscillation
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1.College of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology;2.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology

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    摘要:

    基于中国区域逐日格点降水资料数据集(CN05.1)和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、HadISST逐月海面温度资料,采用线性回归和小波分析等统计方法和线性斜压模式(Linear Baroclinic Model,LBM)对1961—2020年华北地区夏季降水的时空变化特征及与亚洲-太平洋涛动(Asian–Pacific Oscillation,APO)的联系进行了分析。结果表明,华北地区夏季降水在空间上呈东南多而西北少的分布特征,且存在较为明显的年际波动特征。APO可通过影响大气环流进而导致华北地区夏季降水异常,即当APO偏强时,南亚高压偏强;西太平洋副热带高压偏强、偏北;亚洲大陆低压、东亚夏季风和南亚夏季风偏强,向华北输送的水汽偏强,水汽通量以辐合为主,导致华北夏季降水偏多,反之亦然。此外,APO还通过风场改变东西太平洋地区海温梯度,造成太平洋海温呈类ENSO模态进而影响沃克环流,间接调控华北地区夏季降水。基于LBM模式的数值试验结果同样表明,受青藏高原异常热源的影响,对流层高层位势高度将出现响应,有利于APO的形成,对应的南亚高压偏强,而对流层中低层则为异常气旋性环流,对应东亚和南亚夏季风偏强,有利于水汽向我国北方输送,从而导致华北地区夏季降水偏多。

    Abstract:

    Based on the daily gridded precipitation dataset (CN05.1), NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, and the Hadley Central Sea Surface Temperature Dataset (HadISST), linear regression and wavelet spectrum analysis, as well as the Linear Baroclinic Model (LBM), were employed to examine the temporal and spatial variability of summer precipitation in North China and its relationship with the Asian-Pacific Oscillation (APO) from 1961-2020. The results reveal that summer precipitation in North China exhibits a spatial pattern with higher amounts in the southeast and lesser amounts in the northwest, along with notable interannual variability. The APO modulates summer precipitation by altering the East Asian atmospheric circulation. More Specifically, intensified APO correlates with a stronger South Asian High, a more robust westward extension of the western Pacific subtropical high towards the north, and an enhancement of low pressure across the Asian continent, thereby intensifying East Asian and South Asian summer monsoons. This leads to enhanced moisture transport towards North China, fostering convergence and ultimately higher summer precipitation, and vice versa. Furthermore, the APO also modifies the SST gradient between the eastern and western Pacific regions via the wind fields, inducing an ENSO-like SST anomaly in the Pacific Ocean. This anomaly, in turn, impacts the Walker circulation and indirectly modulates summer precipitation in North China. Numerical simulations employing the LBM model further validate that anomalous heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau elicit a response in the upper tropospheric geopotential height, which fosters APO development and consequently the South Asian High. Simultaneously, the middle and lower troposphere exhibit an anomalous cyclonic circulation, bolstering the East Asian and South Asian summer monsoons, thereby enhancing water vapor transport towards North China and enhancing precipitation during summer.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08
  • 最后修改日期:2024-11-29
  • 录用日期:2025-04-11
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