Based on the surface meteorological data of the National Meteorological Observatory of Langfang City and the particulate matter concentration and AQI data of the Langfang Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, the characteristics of air pollution in Langfang City and the change characteristics and types of pollutants in three typical sand and dust weather processes were analyzed, and the results showed that 72.7% (8/11) of sandstorms in Langfang can cause a significant increase in AQI,significantly increased by over 80%. 88.9% of severe pollution days occur under the influence of sandstorms, mostly in spring. The analysis of three typical sand and dust weather processes shows that the sand and dust processes on March 15, 2021 and April 10-13, 2023 belong to the upstream transmission type, with strong intensity and long duration. The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 generally show a trend of rising and falling together, and the occurrence of sand and dust lags behind the occurrence of strong winds; The sand and dust process on March 4, 2022 belongs to the locally generated type, characterized by weak intensity, small impact range, and short duration. At the same time, the concentration change of PM10 lags behind that of PM2.5, and the concentration of PM2.5 drops sharply when the concentration of PM10 suddenly rises. The sharp increase in PM10 concentration almost occurs synchronously with strong winds.A higher wind speed is beneficial for the formation of sandstorm weather, while when the wind speed is too high, it will hinder the sedimentation of sandstorm particles.The pollutants brought in by the northerly and southwesterly winds have a greater impact on the air pollution in Langfang.