In order to quickly and accurately extract the lodging area of winter wheat, two lodging processes in Dezhou are taken as research cases. The data of GF-6 satellite and synthetic aperture radar aboard Sentinel-1 satellite are used to accurately extract the lodging area of the winter wheat according to different spectral characteristics of lodging wheat and normal wheat. The results are as follows. (1) The spectral analysis of normal wheat and lodging wheat shows that the reflectance of the green light band in the GF-6 image and the backscattering intensity in the VH (vertical-horizontal) image are significantly higher in the latter than in the former. (2) The lodging area of winter wheat extracted from these two features is generally larger than the measured area. When the lodging is serious, the relative error percentage ranges from 3.1% to 4.6%. Compared with the serious lodging, the relative error of extraction is larger in mild lodging. (3) The extraction result based on GF-6 satellite is more accurate when lodging and waterlogging are present at the same time. The research results provide reference for further improving the precision of extracting lodging area of winter wheat, and provide data support for timely prevention of and remedy for winter wheat lodging.