1961—2020年黄渤海地区台风降水时空特征
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1.山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室;2.山东省气象台

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P467

基金项目:

山东台风与海洋创新团队项目(SDCXTD2021-2)、中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2023J015)、华东区域气象科技协同创新基金合作项目(QYHZ202318)、山东省气象局重点项目(2023sdqxz11)、灾害天气国家重点实验室开放课题(2023LASW-B10)


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Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Typhoon Precipitation in the Huanghai and Bohai Sea Region during 1961–2020
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1.Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong;2.Shandong Meteorological Observatory

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    摘要:

    基于中国气象局《热带气旋年鉴》资料,对1961—2020年黄渤海地区(30~50°N,110~130°E)台风降水的时空特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)空间分布:黄渤海地区60年平均的台风降水量(Typhoon Precipitation, TP)、台风降水日数、台风暴雨日数、降水台风个数以及台风对总降水量的贡献率均以浙江北部沿海为极大值中心,由南向北、由沿海向内陆递减。相比之下,台风雨强和日极端降水的南北差异较小,具体表现在东三省和环渤海地区的台风单日降水强度(Typhoon Single-day Precipitation Intensity, T-SDPI)、过程平均TP以及台风对历史前1%日极端降水的贡献率均较高;(2)年际分布:60年来黄渤海地区降水台风数有显著上升趋势,同时逐年TP呈“先减后增”趋势。特别是2012—2020年,黄渤海区域平均以及吉林、江苏、安徽、湖北和浙江北部周边的TP年均值显著高于2012年前的水平;(3)季节分布:黄渤海地区台风降水集中于6—10月,其中8月最强,其次为9月和7月。2012—2020年,随着年均TP显著增加,黄渤海地区春季TP消失,秋初(9—10月)TP强于夏初(6—7月)的特征更加明显,即一年内黄渤海地区的台风降水有整体向秋季迁移的趋势。

    Abstract:

    Based on data from the China Meteorological Administration's Yearbook of Tropical Cyclones, this study analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics of typhoon precipitation (TP) in the Huanghai and Bohai Sea Region (30–50°N, 110–130°E) during 1961–2020. The results show the following: (1) ?Spatial distribution?: The 60-year averages of TP, number of typhoon precipitation days, number of typhoon rainstorm days, number of precipitation-producing typhoons, and contribution rate of typhoon to total precipitation all exhibit a maximum center along the northern coast of Zhejiang Province, decreasing northward and inland. In contrast, the spatial differences in typhoon rainfall intensity and extreme daily precipitation were relatively smaller. Specifically, northeastern China (Dongbei region) and the circum-Bohai areas show higher values of typhoon single-day precipitation intensity (T-SDPI), mean process TP, and typhoon contributions to top 1% historical extreme daily precipitation. (2) ?Interannual variation?: Over the 60-year period, the number of precipitation-producing typhoons affecting the Huanghai and Bohai Sea Region increased significantly, while annual TP displayed a "decreasing-then-increasing" trend. Notably, during 2012–2020, the regional mean TP over the Huanghai and Bohai Sea Region and area mean TP in Jilin, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, and northern Zhejiang were significantly higher than that before 2012.(3) ?Seasonal distribution?: TP in the Huanghai and Bohai Sea Region predominantly concentrated between June and October, peaking in August, followed by September and July. From 2012 to 2020, with the significant increase in annual mean TP, spring TP disappeared, while the feature that early autumn (September–October) TP was stronger than early summer (June–July) TP became more pronounced. It suggests an overall tendency for TP in the Huanghai and Bohai Sea Region to shift toward autumn within the annual cycle.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-23
  • 最后修改日期:2025-07-08
  • 录用日期:2025-07-11
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