济南一次暴雨过程的X波段和S波段雷达产品对比评估
作者:
作者单位:

1.山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室,山东 济南 250031 ;2.山东省气象数据中心,山东 济南 250031 ;3.山东省人民政府人工影响天气办公室,山东 济南 250031

作者简介:

刘臻,助理工程师,765426986@qq.com。

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

P412;P416

基金项目:

国家气象信息中心“揭榜挂帅”项目(NMICJBGS202509);山东省气象局青年基金项目(2024SDQN04)


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Comparative evaluation of X-band and S-band radar products during a rainstorm event in Jinan
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong, Jinan 250031 , China ; 2.Shandong Meteorological Data Center, Jinan 250031 , China ; 3.Shandong Weather Modification Office, Jinan 250031 , China

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    摘要:

    为系统对比S波段天气雷达与X波段相控阵雷达不同产品的数据质量,评估X波段相控阵雷达在协同观测中的应用潜力,针对2025年6月18—20日济南地区一次区域性暴雨过程,以地面雨滴谱仪与雨量筒观测资料为基准,从水平反射率因子(ZH)、差分反射率因子(ZDR)和定量降水估测方面进行对比评估。结果表明:(1)在ZH方面,S波段天气雷达抗衰减能力和稳定性最优,X波段相控阵雷达质控后产品则显著改善原始数据的衰减问题,稳定性趋近于S波段天气雷达的水平。(2)在ZDR方面,X波段相控阵雷达质控后产品有效校正了原始数据的系统性偏差,数据可靠性与一致性较S波段天气雷达表现更优。(3)在定量降水估测方面,X波段相控阵雷达质控后产品在降水探测能力和定量估测精度上表现更优,但在减少虚警方面,S波段天气雷达仍具优势。

    Abstract:

    This study aims to systematically compare the data quality of S-band weather radar and X-band phased array radar products and examine the suitability of X-band phased array radar for coordinated observation networks. Using the ground-based disdrometer and rain gauge data from a regional rainstorm event in Jinan from 18 to 20 June 2025, this study conducts a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of horizontal reflectivity (ZH), differential reflectivity (ZDR) and quantitative precipitation estimation. The results are as follows. (1) For ZH, the S-band weather radar data exhibit the best attenuation resistance and stability, whereas the quality-controlled X-band phased array radar products show significantly reduced attenuation compared to raw data, and their stability approaches that of the S-band weather radar data. (2) For ZDR the systematic biases in the original X-band phased array radar data are effectively corrected after quality control, resulting in data with higher reliability and better consistency than the S-band weather radar data. (3) For quantitative precipitation estimation, the quality-controlled X-band phased array radar products provide stronger precipitation detection ability and higher estimation accuracy, while the S-band weather radar retains an advantage in limiting false alarms.

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刘臻,郭庆燕,车军辉,等.济南一次暴雨过程的X波段和S波段雷达产品对比评估[J].海洋气象学报,2026,46(2):114-125.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-17
  • 最后修改日期:2025-12-24
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-04-22
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