山东一次弱切变下罕见大范围脉冲风暴环境条件分析
作者:
作者单位:

1.山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室,山东 济南 250031 ;2.山东省气象台,山东 济南 250031 ;3.济南市气象局,山东 济南 250102

作者简介:

高留喜,正高级工程师。

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

P412.25

基金项目:

山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023MD001);山东省气象局重点项目(2023sdqxz09)


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Analysis on environmental conditions for a rare extensive pulse storm event under weak shear in Shandong
Author:
Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong, Jinan 250031 , China ; 2. Shandong Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031 , China ; 3. Jinan Meteorological Service, Jinan 250102 , China

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    摘要:

    利用多源资料对2025年7月7日山东弱切变下大范围脉冲风暴强对流天气进行分析,结果表明:(1)上干冷、下暖湿“喇叭状”型温湿层结配置为大范围强对流的发生提供了有利的大尺度环境条件,天气形势为典型的副热带高压(简称“副高”)边缘型。(2)地面温度和露点温度高,对流层中低层存在不稳定层结,导致表征深厚湿对流潜势的对流有效位能很高,对流抑制能极小,在地面辐合切变线、鲁中山地地形和阵风锋抬升下山东发生大范围强脉冲风暴。灾害性天气主要由下击暴流和阵风锋直接导致,大风灾害天气与中层干冷空气卷入有关。融化层高度高,冰雹粒子在下落过程中融化,很少到达地面,导致冰雹强度弱、出现少。(3)产生下击暴流的风暴初始回波质心高度偏高。中层径向辐合出现时间晚于中尺度涡旋,后者预警指示意义更优。(4)中尺度模式CMA-MESO产品在此次过程中表现好,参考价值高。

    Abstract:

    A severe convection event of extensive pulse storm that occurred under weak wind shear on 7 July 2025 in Shandong is analyzed by using multi-source data. The results are as follows. ( 1 ) The trumpet-shaped stratification, namely dry and cold in the upper level and warm and moist in the lower level, provides favorable large-scale environmental conditions for the event, and the synoptic situation belongs to the typical subtropical high edge type. ( 2 ) The high surface temperature and dew point temperature, together with the unstable stratification in the lower and middle troposphere, lead to extremely high convective available potential energy ( CAPE ) that characterizes the potential of deep moist convection and minimal convective inhibition ( CIN ). Under the lifting effects of surface convergent shear lines, mountainous terrains in central Shandong and gust fronts, the large-scale severe pulse storm event occurs in Shandong. The hazardous weather is directly attributed to downbursts and gust fronts, while the gale disasters are associated with the entrainment of dry and cold air in the middle level. The key reasons for the weak intensity and scarcity of hails observed in this event can be largely attributed to a high-altitude melting layer, which results in the melting of hailstones during their downward trajectory. ( 3 ) The initial echoes of the storms producing downbursts have relatively high centroid height. The mid-altitude radial convergence ( MARC ) occurs later than mesoscale vortices, making the latter more effective for early warning. (4) The CMA-MESO model performs well in simulating this process and holds high reference value.

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高留喜,任绪伟,郭子彧,等.山东一次弱切变下罕见大范围脉冲风暴环境条件分析[J].海洋气象学报,2026,46(3):40 50.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-09-12
  • 最后修改日期:2025-11-17
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-07-04
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