基于机载绿激光双分支深度学习波形分类的浅滩筏架探测
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山东农业大学

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Raft detection in shallow waters based on dual-branch deep learning waveform classification of airborne green laser
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    摘要:

    针对现有机载海洋激光雷达(Airborne Oceanic LiDAR, AOL)全波形深度学习分类方法对波形物理特征利用不足、模型可解释性与泛化能力受限问题,本文提出一种融合AOL全波形及其波形特征的双驱动全波形分类网络DDWC-Net。通过全波形分支提取局部时序特征,通过波形特征分支优选强度、上升沿面积及上升沿斜率等高判别性波形特征,并经非线性升维后与全波形分支特征融合,进而实现波形分类和筏架波形识别。基于Optech CZMIL实测数据的实验结果表明,与单一的全波形驱动模型相比,DDWC-Net总体精度、Kappa系数、宏平均F1得分和宏平均IoU分别提升0.35%、0.94%、0.40%和0.69%。全波形及其波形特征双驱动策略能够有效提升AOL全波形分类精度与物理可解释性,为浅滩筏架探测提供新的方法支撑。

    Abstract:

    To address the limited utilization of waveform physical features and the restricted interpretability and generalization ability of existing deep-learning methods for airborne oceanic LiDAR (AOL) full-waveform classification, this study proposes a dual-driven waveform classification network, DDWC-Net, that integrates AOL full waveforms with their waveform features. The full-waveform branch is used to extract deep temporal features, while the waveform-feature branch selects highly discriminative waveform features, such as intensity, rising-edge area, and rising-edge slope. These features are then nonlinearly projected to a higher-dimensional space and fused with the full-waveform features to achieve waveform classification and raft waveform identification. Experimental results based on field-measured data from the Optech CZMIL system show that, compared with a single full-waveform-driven model, DDWC-Net improves overall accuracy, the Kappa coefficient, macro-averaged F1-score, and macro-averaged IoU by 0.35%, 0.94%, 0.40%, and 0.69%, respectively. The dual-driven strategy based on full waveforms and their waveform features can effectively improve the classification accuracy and physical interpretability of AOL full waveforms, thereby providing new methodological support for shallow-water raft detection.

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  • 收稿日期:2026-03-09
  • 最后修改日期:2026-04-01
  • 录用日期:2026-04-01
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